Physical Education Essay

1. History and meaning of Physical Education.History of Physical EducationThe Spartans and Athenians were the first to have a type of animal(prenominal) gentility. Though rattling different, two systems served the heap and supplied their needs. The Spartan system was akin(predicate) to dictatorship, a form of government. At the age of seven, boys were taken to learn basic military skills while living in barracks. When they reached the age of fourteen, they began learning group fighting tactics which would allow them to succeed while in the military from the ages of twenty to thirty. Once thirty, the men could then adopt a women who had been doing some teaching of her own in collection to make strong babies. The philosophy of the Spartans was basically to allow them to invade some other countries if desired, and to prevent other countries from invading them.see morelegal basis of informationThe philosophy of the Athenians was quite different compared to the Spartans. The A thenian culture was very democratic, and focused on training of the sound judgement and consistency. Reading and writing was a large part of society as well as physical activity which took place in the nub of the city where the gymnasium was located. The physical breeding philosophy of the Athenians was the high point of physical education for legion(predicate) years.Some other cycles in physical education that we have evolved from are that of the Romans, the dark ages, and the crusades. The Roman era is a bit disturbing, but is nonetheless a cycle of physical education. Physical education for the Romans was intimately athletics, which was primarily about entertainment. People were forced to fight to the death, and often snips fed to lions. During the dark ages, religion viewed physical education as a waste of time and a work of the devil. The dark ages were a very sedentary time for human civilization. Following the dark ages in approximately 1096, were the crusades.The crusa des were a time of herculean Christianity, because of the Muslims conquering Jerusalem. Muscular Christianity is basically Christians believing that the more one trained to become good soldiers, the more Christian a person was. In 1270, the crusades cease and so did the thought of physical education macrocosm worthwhile until approximately 1400 when the renaissance period began. Physical education during the renaissance period is quite similar to physical education today. It is done to better oneself, not to be doing something for someone else. The development of physical education had another setback in the 1600s when it was very functional and not a priority. People believed that if it did not have a specific purpose, than it was a waste of time.During the 1700s, there was a big change in physical education that can be largely attributed to three people Rousseau, Johan Simon, and Guts Muths. Rousseau was the first person to get along education for the masses and he as well as thought of play as being educational. In 1712, Rousseau invented an activity that is still used by millions of children everyday, recess.Johan Simon was the first physical education teacher and believed physical education should be taught along with reading and writing. Simon believed physical education should include a lot of physical labor. Guts Muths developed a series of gymnastic apparatuses and believed physical education developed very important social skills. These people of the 1700s and the things they did began paving the road to where we are today. During the 1800s, physical education programs were finding their vogue into universities which contributed to many things we have today. New sports were being invented, intramurals were being brought into schools, women began exercising, gymnasiums could be found in most colleges, and many recreational areas and parks were being built in order to decrease the crime rate.This continued on into the 1900s which brought on the c reation of the National Collegiate Athletic Association to regulate college athletics, and the golden age of sports during the 20 and 30s. During this golden age of sport, the number of people in sport increased dramatically, the number of teachers increased, and physical education began moving toward the involvement of sport. In 1941, ball War II began which brought a big shock along with it. Of the first 2 million males drafted, 45% failed their physical. With this, physical education began to be very strongly pushed in schools in order to improve the health of the American people.Since W.W. II, the United States has continued to press the importance of physical education, which brings it to where it is today, a highly complex expanse with many different sub-disciplines. The sub-disciplines are Exercise physiology, which is the study of bodily systems and their reactions to the stress of exercise. Kinesiology, which is the study of how the muscular system moves the bony structu re of the body. Biomechanics, which is the study of the human body as a mechanical system, utilizing principles and applications from physics.Motor learning, which is the changes in motor performance related to experience and practice. Sport sociology, which is the social structure, social patterns, and social organization of groups set-aside(p) in sport. Sport Psychology, which is the stud of deportmental and psychological issues and problems in sport. Sport pedagogy, which is the study of the processes of teaching and coaching, the outcomes of such endeavors, and the content of fitness, physical-education, and sport-education programs. (Siedentop)These sub-disciplines have created many new jobs for people in the field of education, and will surely branch off to form others in the future.Physical education has definitely come a long way since the Spartans and Athenians. From an authoritarian type system to promoting lifespan physical education with many sciences studying the diff erent intangibles of physical education in order to better the mind and body. These new sciences have obviously broadened the comprehensive of physical education, but when looking to the future, there really is no end in sight. The growing umbrella will continue getting larger as new thoughts and ideas come, and with them, new sciences also.Definition of Physical EducationPhysical Education is an educational course taken during primary and secondary level, and even tertiary level that encourages psychomotor learning in a play or movement exploration setting to promote health. It is also defined as a process of learning through physical activities designed to improve physical fitness, develop motor skills, knowledge and behavior of healthy and active living, sportsmanship, and emotional intelligence. Thus, Physical Education is not only aimed at physical development but also includes the development of the individual as a whole.2. Concepts of physical educationPhysical Development accusing deals with the program of activities that builds physical power in an individual through the development of the various ingrained systems of the body. Motor Development Objective concerned with making physical movement useful and with as little expenditure of energy as possible and being proficient, graceful, and aesthetic in this movement. Mental Development Objective deals with the accumulation a body knowledge and the ability to think and to interpret this knowledge. Social Development Objective concerned with helping an individual in making personal adjustments, group adjustment, and adjustments as a member of society.3. What are the legal basis and related activities in physical education?The legal basis of physical education is stated in the 1987 Constitution, Article XIV Section 19. (1) The State shall promote physical education and encourage sports programs, league competitions, and amateur sports, including training for international competitions, to foster se lf-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert citizenry. (2) All educational institution shall abbreviate regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and other sectors.